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| about JEJU |
๐ Jeju Island: The Island of Nature and Culture
Jeju Island, Korea's largest island, is located south of the mainland and covers an area of about 1,833.2 square kilometers, approximately 1.83% of Korea’s total area. It’s one of Korea’s two special self-governing provinces, alongside surrounding islands. Situated about 82.8 kilometers from mainland Korea, Jeju was born from volcanic activity, resulting in the island’s unique geography and natural wonders.
Rising from volcanic eruptions around two million years ago, Jeju’s landscape is distinguished by Hallasan Mountain at its center and over 360 volcanic cones, or “oreums,” that spread across the island. Hallasan, standing at 1,950 meters above sea level, is South Korea’s tallest mountain and part of UNESCO’s World Natural Heritage, designated as the “Jeju Volcanic Island and Lava Tubes.”
Jeju’s nickname, “Samdado,” translates to “Island of Three Abundances” — stone, wind, and women — reflecting the island’s distinctive natural environment and culture.
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๐ The History of Jeju Island
The history of Jeju dates back to prehistoric times. The island was once home to an independent kingdom known as “Tamna,” which maintained autonomy before becoming a vassal state to Korea’s Goguryeo and Goryeo dynasties. During the Joseon dynasty, Jeju eventually came under central government control.
Jeju’s people have a unique language and culture, with the Jeju dialect currently listed by UNESCO as critically endangered. This language and culture, passed down over generations, keep Jeju’s heritage alive and unique.
๐ค️ Jeju’s Climate and Natural Environment
Jeju enjoys a mild, subtropical climate with winters rarely dropping below freezing. The climate varies slightly between the island’s north and south due to Hallasan and the surrounding seas. Hallasan’s heights receive significant rainfall, making Jeju one of Korea’s rainiest regions. This humid climate contributes to Jeju’s unique ecosystem, with about 12% of the island covered by “Gotjawal,” a forest that creates a distinct wetland environment and acts as a vital water source for Jeju.
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๐ฟ Gotjawal: Jeju’s Natural Forest Treasure
Covering roughly 12% of Jeju, Gotjawal is a forest ecosystem that has remained undeveloped due to its rugged lava landscape. As rain seeps through Gotjawal’s porous volcanic terrain, it replenishes Jeju’s groundwater, providing clean water for over half a million residents. Gotjawal’s preserved nature and plant life are so unique that some researchers consider it a significant wetland of international importance.
๐ Top Attractions on Jeju: A Paradise of Nature and Tourism
Jeju is one of Korea’s top travel destinations, relying heavily on tourism. Here are some must-visit highlights:
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๐ Seongsan Ilchulbong (Sunrise Peak)
A UNESCO World Natural Heritage Site, Seongsan Ilchulbong, or Sunrise Peak, is one of Jeju’s iconic spots where the sunrise over the crater is a breathtaking sight.
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๐️ Hallasan National Park
The majestic Hallasan Mountain, with trails open year-round, attracts hikers and nature enthusiasts. As Korea’s tallest mountain, it’s a natural landmark and symbol of Jeju.
๐️ Stunning Beaches
Jeju boasts many scenic beaches like Hyeopjae Beach and Jungmun Beach. These beautiful coastal spots attract visitors seeking to relax by the sea, especially during summer.
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๐ Jeju’s Local Specialties
Beyond its landscapes, Jeju is also known for its delicious local produce and cuisine. From the iconic Jeju mandarins to fresh seafood, Jeju’s unique food scene offers a flavor for every traveler. Be sure to try Jeju’s famed black pork, fresh seafood, and even horse meat — a unique culinary experience!
๐️ The Formation and Geography of Jeju Island
Jeju began to take shape around 2 million years ago during the Pleistocene Epoch with volcanic eruptions beneath the sea. About 1.2 million years ago, magma began rising, forming the island's initial shape, and by 700,000 years ago, Jeju emerged as a distinct island. Over the next 300,000 years, Hallasan Mountain took shape along with the hundreds of smaller “oreums” scattered across the island. Today, Jeju Island’s landscape consists mainly of basalt and lava formations that make it a unique volcanic island.
๐ง️ Climate and Diverse Ecosystems
Jeju Island has a humid subtropical climate (Cfa), experiencing four distinct seasons. Winters are mild with low rainfall, while summers are hot and humid. Seasonal variations make Jeju an attractive year-round destination. Seogwipo, in the south, tends to be warmer in winter due to Hallasan's shielding effect, while regions like Seongsan experience high annual rainfall due to East Asian monsoon winds and the Tsushima Current. Hallasan’s high-altitude zones are among Korea’s rainiest, with cooler temperatures and diverse vegetation.
๐ฑ Jeju’s Food Culture
Jeju is also a paradise for food lovers, with an abundance of fresh seafood and unique local specialties. From the island’s iconic mandarin oranges to savory black pork, Jeju’s culinary offerings are not to be missed. Visitors can also find locally grown produce, fresh seafood dishes, and flavors that reflect Jeju’s rich natural environment.
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๐ Jeju Island: A World Heritage Treasure
In addition to its breathtaking volcanic landscapes, Jeju’s Gotjawal forests and lava caves have earned it recognition as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Its cultural heritage and traditional way of life, shaped by generations, add to the island’s allure, making Jeju a place of international interest and admiration.
✨ Jeju Island FAQ
Q: What are the top natural attractions in Jeju?
A: Don’t miss the sunrise at Seongsan Ilchulbong, the scenic hiking trails of Hallasan National Park, and the lush Gotjawal Forest, each showcasing Jeju’s natural beauty.
Q: When is the best time to visit Jeju?
A: While Jeju is beautiful all year round, spring and autumn offer the most comfortable weather. Summer is perfect for beach outings, while winter highlights Jeju’s warm climate with fewer tourists.
Q: What food should I try in Jeju?
A: Try Jeju mandarins, black pork, and fresh seafood dishes unique to the island. Jeju’s local flavors reflect its natural environment and rich culinary heritage.
๐ Related Tags
#AboutJeju #VisitJeju #Hallasan #GotjawalForest #JejuTourism #JejuFood #UNESCO
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